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"en": "The survey charted the use of digital devices, social media, and online services in Finland. Main themes of the survey also included societal values, civic participation, social relationships, and well-being. Media use was investigated with questions on how often the respondents did certain things (e.g. use the internet, listen to radio programs or podcasts, write on discussion boards, use instant messaging applications). The respondents were also asked whether they used certain digital devices and services (e.g. smart phone, computer, broadband internet, smart watch) and how important these were for their everyday lives. The role of the internet in the respondents' everyday lives was explored by asking how important the internet was for them in terms of banking, booking doctor's appointments, purchasing products and services, and keeping in touch with others. The respondents' digital skills were charted by asking them, for example, whether they knew how to download and save files from the internet or clear their browser history. Additionally, views on the trustworthiness of internet sources and the ease of finding reliable information online were surveyed. The respondents were asked about the purposes for which they used social media, whether they knew what kind of information was appropriate to share on social media, and their membership in social media communities. Additionally, the respondents' use of different social media platforms and compulsive social media use were charted. Attitudes towards social media were examined with questions on, for example, whether the respondents were concerned about hate speech or fake news on social media, how they engaged with opinions that differed from their own on social media, and whether social media had made them feel pressure over their appearance. Civic participation was charted by asking the respondents whether in the last five years they had, for example, voted in parliamentary elections, taken part in a demonstration, donated money to charity or volunteered. Political party affiliation and the respondents' alignment on left-right and liberal-conservative political spectrums were also surveyed. Additionally, the respondents' views on various questions (e.g. the right to abortion, same-sex marriage, cuts to social security, dismantling the welfare state) and their trust in institutions (e.g. the government, the judicial system, politicians, the European parliament, news outlets) were investigated. The respondents' social relationships were examined with questions on how many friends they had on social media, how much they used social media to keep in touch with friends, how often they felt lonely, and how often they used social media to alleviate feelings of loneliness. Experiences of online harassment and bullying were also charted. The respondents were asked about their satisfaction with their body and appearance, and well-being was surveyed with statements on, for example, health, self-confidence, future expectations, and overall life satisfaction. Background information included the respondent's gender, year of birth, NUTS2 and NUTS3 regions of residence, marital status, household characteristics, level of education, occupation, sector of employment, and monthly household gross income.",
"fi": "Aineistossa on kartoitettu suomalaisten digitaalisten laitteiden, sosiaalisen median ja verkkopalveluiden käyttöä. Kysymykset käsittelivät lisäksi yhteiskunnallista arvomaailmaa ja osallistumista sekä sosiaalisia suhteita ja hyvinvointia. Median käyttöä käsittelevässä osiossa kysyttiin, kuinka usein vastaajat muun muassa käyttävät internetiä, kuuntelevat radio-ohjelmia tai kirjoittavat keskustelufoorumeille. Vastaajat kertoivat, käyttävätkö he erilaisia älylaitteita. Internetin käyttötaitoja kartoitettiin erilaisin väittämin, kuten osaako tutkittava tyhjentää selaimen sivuhistorian. Lisäksi kysyttiin, miten tärkeäksi internet koetaan esimerkiksi pankkiasioiden hoitamisessa tai yhteydenpidossa muihin ihmisiin. Vastaajat ottivat myös kantaa väittämiin internetlähteiden luotettavuudesta ja tiedon etsimisestä. Tutkittavilta kysyttiin, mihin tarkoituksiin he käyttävät sosiaalista mediaa, ja tietävätkö he millaista tietoa on sopivaa jakaa verkossa. Vastaajat kertoivat, miten he suhtautuvat sosiaalisessa mediassa mielipiteisiin, jotka eroavat heidän omistaan, ja millaista mielikuvaa itsestään he levittävät. Heiltä kysyttiin myös, mitä sosiaalisen median palveluita he käyttävät. Vastaajat kertoivat, aiheuttaako sosiaalinen media ulkonäköpaineita. Tämän jälkeen kartoitettiin erilaisia kansalaistoimia, joihin vastaajat olivat osallistuneet, sekä vastaajien puoluekantaa ja suhtautumista erilaisiin yhteiskunnallisiin asioihin, kuten maahanmuuton kasvuun tai maaseudun autioitumiseen. Vastaajat kertoivat, kuinka luotettavina he pitävät muun muassa eduskuntaa, poliittisia puolueita ja suuria kansainvälisiä yhtiöitä. Lopuksi kysyttiin vastaajien sosiaalisista suhteista ja yksinäisyydestä, onko heihin kohdistunut verkossa esimerkiksi seksuaalista häirintää, ja miten he kuvailisivat omaa taloudellista tilannettaan ja terveyttään. Taustatietoja aineistossa ovat vastaajan sukupuoli, syntymävuosi, maakunta, suuralue, parisuhdetilanne, kotitalouden henkilömäärä, koulutustaso, ammatti ja työnantajasektori sekä kotitalouden yhteenlasketut tulot."
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"en": "The Citizens' Pulse surveys examine Finnish attitudes and opinions in the context of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Main themes in the surveys include the activity and communication of authorities, compliance with regulations, future expectations, trust, and the respondents' own state of mind. This collection round also included questions about the social security reform (2020-2027) in Finland. The second collection round of 2022 surveyed the respondents' opinions on the reliability of the information provided by various Finnish authorities (e.g. the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare) and members of various groups (e.g. health care employees, researchers) on the coronavirus crisis. The respondents were asked to evaluate how fair or unfair they thought Finnish society was at present, and their state of mind was examined with questions on various matters relating to health and well-being. The questions covered, for example, whether the respondents were worried about their own risk or the risk of people close to them contracting COVID-19, the availability of health care for them and people close to them for issues unrelated to COVID-19, their own mental well-being, and whether they felt their lives were meaningful. Additionally, the respondents were asked about their concerns in regard to livelihood and everyday life (e.g. whether they were worried about the adequacy of their income or the income of people close to them, the uncertainty regarding how long the exceptional circumstances would last, and their children's schooling). The respondents' confidence in their future and experiences of stress were surveyed, and the respondents were asked to evaluate whether an atmosphere of crisis prevailed amongst Finns. Next, the respondents opinions on the availability, reliability and accuracy of the information provided by Finnish authorities on the coronavirus crisis was charted. Compliance with coronavirus restrictions was examined by asking the respondents whether they had followed the restrictions and recommendations set by authorities for preventing transmission of the virus, including maintaining safe distances, wearing a face mask, and minimising contacts with people outside immediate family and friends. The respondents were also asked whether they had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and how necessary they felt that it was to follow measures such as wearing a mask and maintaining safe distances after receiving two or three doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. The respondents were surveyed on how useful they thought several measures were in preventing the spread of COVID-19 (e.g. testing yourself with rapid antigen at-home tests, avoiding public events, and using a COVID-19 certificate to enter restaurants and events), and how long they would be willing to comply with the measures. The respondents were also asked whether they thought that the current schedule for lifting COVID-19 restrictions was too soon, too late, or well-timed. Opinions on the social security reform in Finland were examined by asking the respondents how much they agreed or disagreed with several statements on the topic of social security (e.g. I trust that the majority of people participate in society according to their own abilities and the possibilities afforded by them, An unemployed jobseeker should have the right to refuse a job that creates a significant amount of CO2 emissions, and Environmentally friendly choices are not financially easy for everyone which is why social security should encourage people to make environmentally friendly choices). Background variables included the respondent's gender, age group, NUTS3 region of residence, highest level of education, household composition, and perceived financial situation of household.",
"fi": "Kansalaispulssi selvittää suomalaisten korona-ajan mielipiteitä viranomaisten toiminnasta, tiedonkulusta sekä vastaajan mielialasta ja huolenaiheista. Aineisto sisältää kysymyksiä myös sosiaaliturvauudistuksesta (2020-2027). Tämän kierroksen kyselyssä kartoitettiin, kuinka luotettavina vastaajat pitävät eri ryhmien edustajien julkisuudessa antamia tietoja koronakriisistä sekä kuinka oikeudenmukaisena he pitävät suomalaista yhteiskuntaa. Vastaajien mielialaa kartoitettiin kysymällä, kuinka paljon koronaepidemia sekä erilaiset terveyteen ja hyvinvointiin (esimerkiksi oma tai läheisten riski sairastua koronaan, terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän kestokyky, oman tai läheisten alkoholinkäytön hallinta) sekä toimeentuloon ja arkeen (oman tai läheisten toimeentulon riittävyys, riski joutua lomautetuksi tai työttömäksi, lasten koulunkäynti yms.) liittyvät asiat aiheuttavat huolta tällä hetkellä. Esitettiin myös väittämiä vastaajan elämäntilanteesta, elämän merkityksellisyydestä ja yhteenkuuluvuudesta. Lisäksi kysyttiin luottamuksesta tulevaisuuteen ja koetusta stressistä. Vastaajia pyydettiin myös arvioimaan suomalaisten kriisimielialaa tällä hetkellä. Tiedonsaantiin ja viestintään liittyen tiedusteltiin edelleen, miten tasapuolista, luotettavaa, avointa ja selkeää viranomaisten viestintä on ollut. Korona-ajan toimintaa selvitettiin kysymällä, kuinka hyvin vastaaja on noudattanut koronaviruksen leviämistä ehkäiseviä suosituksia. Kysyttiin myös koronarokotteiden ottamisesta ja rajoitustoimien purkamisesta. Edelleen kartoitettiin koronaviruksen leviämisen estämiseen käytettyjen omaehtoisten suojauskeinojen, kuten kasvomaskien, kotitestien ja koronapassin hyödyllisyyttä ja hyväksyttävyyttä. Lopuksi esitettiin väittämiä mm. työnteon ja sosiaaliturvan yhteensovittamisesta muuttuvissa elämäntilanteissa. Taustamuuttujina olivat vastaajan sukupuoli, ikäryhmä, maakunta, koulutus sekä tietoja kotitalouden rakenteesta ja taloudellisesta tilanteesta."
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"fi": "Aineiston muuttujat kuvaavat monipuolisesti vastaajan työhön liittyviä asioita. Vastaajan ammatin lisäksi kysyttiin runsaasti työyhteisöön, työn luonteeseen, päätöksentekoon työpaikalla, työn sisältöön, palkkaukseen ja vastaajan työuraan liittyviä kysymyksiä. Lisäksi kartoitettiin perhe-elämää, lapsuutta, asumista, taloudellista tilannetta ja osallistumista yhteiskunnalliseen toimintaan. Aineistossa on myös mielipidekysymyksiä mm. naisten asemasta, köyhyydestä, yhteiskunnan ongelmista, ilmaisuvapaudesta, oikeudenmukaisuudesta, tasa-arvosta, tuloeroista ja valtion roolista. Lisäksi vastaajalta kysyttiin mitä hän äänestäisi jos parlamenttivaalit olisivat nyt ja esitettiin sosiaaliseen verkostoitumiseen, kansallisuussuhteisiin ja yksityistämiseen liittyviä kysymyksiä. Yrittäjiltä ja maanviljelijöiltä kysyttiin lisäksi työntekijöiden lukumäärää, syitä yrittäjäksi tai maanviljelijäksi ryhtymiselle, mistä pääoma investointeihin on saatu ja minkälaisia ongelmia on ollut. Lisäksi heiltä kysyttiin mitkä ovat heidän tulevaisuuden suunnitelmansa ja käsityksensä valtion roolista yritystoiminnan suhteen. Taustamuuttujina ovat tiedot mm. vastaajan koulutuksesta, syntymävuodesta, kansallisuudesta, siviilisäädystä, lapsien lukumäärästä, puolison koulutuksesta ja ammatista, vanhempien ammateista sekä perheen taloudellisesta tilanteesta. Osa tutkimuksessa esitetyistä kysymyksistä on samoja kuin aineistossa FSD1045 Ammattirakenteen ja sosiaalisen aseman muutos 1994."
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"fi": "Tutkimuksessa kartoitettiin nuorten tietoisuutta ja asenteita teollisuusyrityksiä ja Euroopan yhteisöä kohtaan. Vastaajilta kysyttiin mm. mielipiteitä eri alojen tulevaisuudennäkymistä, kiinnostavuudesta, miksi haluavat tehdä työtä sekä mistä lähteistä nuoret saavat tietoa eri ammateista ja työpaikoista. Vastaajille esitettiin myös väittämiä teollisuustyöstä ja ympäristökysymyksistä. Lisäksi nuorilta kysyttiin heidän mielikuviaan Euroopan yhteisöstä,mitkä maat kuuluvat Euroopan yhteisöön, Suomen neuvotteluita Euroopan yhteisön kanssa sekä mielipidettä Euroopan yhteisöön liittymisestä. Nuorilta kysyttiin myös miten he luottavat eri instituutioihin ja mitä seurauksia Euroopan yhteisöön liittyminen aiheuttaa. Taustamuuttujina olivat mm. sukupuoli, ikä, koulutus, ammatti, siviilisääty, tulot, paikkakuntatyyppi ja poliittinen suuntautuneisuus."
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"fi": "Tutkimus kartoittaa maaseudun merkityksiä ja tulevaisuutta. Sen tehtävänä on antaa tietoa suomalaisten maaseutukäsityksistä. Tutkimus on osa Sitran 'Maamerkit - maaseudun merkitykset' -ohjelmaa. Ohjelma käynnistyi vuoden 2010 alussa ja se päättyy vuonna 2012. Poliittisilta päättäjiltä kysyttiin, miten vahvasti maaseutu ja vastaavasti kaupunki tuovat mieleen erilaisia asioita. Kysyttiin myös, minkälainen alue vastaajalle tulee ensiksi mieleen sanasta maaseutu sekä lueteltiin erilaisia alueita ja kysyttiin, miten ne vastaavat mielikuvaa maaseudusta. Haluttiin myös tietää kuinka voimakkaana vastaaja kokee maaseutu/kaupunki -identiteetin ja miten hän uskoo suomalaisten sen kokevan. Lisäksi haluttiin tietoja vastaajan asunnon, vapaa-ajan asunnon ja työpaikan sijainneista ja kysyttiin, millainen olisi vastaajalle mieluisin vakinainen asuinpaikka. Kyselyssä kartoitettiin myös vastaajien monipaikkaisuutta selvittämällä liikkumista eri ympäristöissä. Tiedusteltiin, aikooko vastaaja muuttaa lähitulevaisuudessa maaseutumaisempaan tai kaupunkimaisempaan ympäristöön. Lisäksi kysyttiin erilaisten paikkojen merkityksistä ihmisille ja miten tämä ilmenee heidän elämässään. Kysyttiin, mitä maaseutu merkitsee vastaajalle tänä päivänä ja mitä maaseutu todennäköisesti tulee merkitsemään 10 vuoden kuluttua. Kysyttiin myös vastaajan mielipidettä maaseudun muuttumisen merkityksestä koko Suomelle. Vastaajille esitettiin myös tulevaisuudenkuvia maaseudusta ja kysyttiin, mitkä niistä parhaiten vastaisivat toiveita maaseudun tulevaisuudesta ja miten he uskovat asioiden olevan vuonna 2025. Esitettiin myös väittämiä siitä, mitä maaseudulle pitäisi tehdä tulevaisuudessa, mitkä ovat polttavimmat kehittämistarpeet ja mistä voisi karsia. Pyydettiin myös arviota eri alojen liiketoimintamahdollisuuksien kehittymisestä maaseudulla, esitettiin yrittäjyyden yleistä kehittämistä koskevia väittämiä ja erikseen maaseutuun liittyvää yrittäjyyttä koskevia väittämiä. Taustamuuttujina olivat syntymävuosi, sukupuoli, koulutus, miten vastaaja on valittu tehtäväänsä ja millä tasolla hän osallistuu päätöksentekoon sekä asuinpaikkakunta."
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"fi": "Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin suomalaisten mielipiteitä ja tiedontasoa Suomen kehitysyhteistyöstä, sen tärkeydestä, sisällöstä, päämääristä ja kohdentamisesta. Lisäksi esitettiin kysymyksiä YK:n vuosituhattavoitteista. Vastaajilta kysyttiin pitävätkö he kehitysyhteistyötä tärkeänä ja jos pitävät niin miksi, ja minne päin maailmaa ja mille aloille kehitysyhteistyötä pitäisi eniten kohdistaa. Heiltä kysyttiin, kuinka hyvin he tuntevat YK:n vuosituhattavoitteita ja mitkä niistä ovat heidän mielestään tärkeimpiä. Lisäksi vastaajat kertoivat mielipiteensä siitä, onko Suomessa saatavilla riittävästi tietoa kehitysyhteistyöstä ja kehitysmaista. He kertoivat myös mistä he ovat saaneet tietoa kehityskysymyksistä. Tämän jälkeen vastaajat luettelivat mielestään tärkeimmät kehityspoliittiset päämäärät, sekä kertoivat, millä aloilla Suomella on mielestänne erityistä annettavaa kehitysmaille. Vastaajat arvioivat kehitysyhteistyön vaikutusta kansainväliseen turvallisuuteen, ja kertoivat, mikä heidän näkemyksensä mukaan on kauppa- ja kehityspolitiikan oikea suhde. Kyselyssä selvitettiin myös vastaajien mielipide Suomen roolista erityisesti kehitysmaista koettelevan ilmastonmuutoksen seurausten huomioimisessa. Lisäksi kysyttiin kenen vastuulla on auttaa kehitysmaita selviämään talouskriisistä. Erilaisia tiedonlähteitä ja tiedon riittävyyttä kartoitettiin kysymällä, minkälaista tietoa kehitysyhteistyöstä kaivattaisiin lisää ja kuinka luotettavana eri tahoilta saatavaa tietoa pidetään. Vastaajia pyydettiin laittamaan tärkeysjärjestykseen viisi kehitysyhteistyön muotoa. He saivat myös arvioida Suomen kehitysavun määrää euroissa vuonna 2008 ja kertoa, mikä olisi Suomelle sopiva kehitysavun prosenttiosuus BKT:sta ja pitäisikö Suomen nykyisessä taloudellisessa tilanteessa lisätä tai leikata kehitysyhteistyömäärärahoja. Ne vastaajat jotka kannattivat määrärahojen nostamista, kertoivat mielipiteensä myös siitä, miten määrärahojen kasvu tulisi rahoittaa. Kaikilta vastaajilta kysyttiin, onko Suomen kehitysyhteistyö heidän mielestään tehokasta ja tuloksellista. Seuraavaksi kysyttiin vastaajien mielipiteitä siitä, mikä on kehitysyhteistyön vaikein haaste. Lisäksi kysyttiin vastaajien tyytyväisyyttä Suomen toimintaan erilaisten kriisien ja katastrofien yhteydessä. Heiltä kysyttiin myös, millä tavoin yksityinen ihminen voi auttaa kehitysmaita sekä millaisia näkemyksiä heillä on kehitysavusta ja sen merkityksestä. Lopuksi kysyttiin vielä miten tärkeänä vastaajat pitävät sitä, että Suomen rahoittamissa kehitysyhteistyöhankkeissa näkyy, että apu on nimenomaan Suomesta. Taustamuuttujia olivat mm. sukupuoli, ikä, ammatti, perheen koko ja asuinlääni."
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"fi": "Tutkinnonuudistuksen arvioinnin pääkohteena ovat kaksiportainen tutkintorakenne eli ammattikorkeakoulututkinnot ja ylemmät ammattikorkeakoulututkinnot. Tutkinnonuudistuksen arviointi on jaettu kolmeen pääteemaan. Pääteemat ovat tutkintorakenteen toimivuus, liikkuvuus sekä tutkintojen tuottama osaaminen ja suhde työelämään. Tutkinnonuudistuksen tavoitteita ja niiden toteutumista käsiteltiin kysymällä asetettujen tavoitteiden tunnettuudesta, koulutusalan kannalta tärkeimmistä kansallisista tavoitteista ja tavoitteiden toteutumisesta. Organisointia ja toimeenpanoa kartoitettiin kysymällä koulutusalan osallistumisesta tutkinnonuudistukseen liittyneisiin eurooppalaisiin hankkeisiin tai valtakunnalliseen alakohtaiseen yhteistyöhön tutkinnonuudistusta toteutettaessa. Kysyttiin myös koulutusalan eri toimijoiden osallistumisesta tutkinnonuudistuksen suunnitteluun. Tutkintorakenteen toimivuutta käsiteltiin kysymällä tutkintojen asemasta tutkintojärjestelmässä ja tutkintorakenteen selkeydestä. Vastaajilta pyydettiin arviota kaksiportaisen tutkintorakenteen toimivuudesta, sen ongelmakohdista ja kehittämiskohdista. Tutkinnonuudistuksen vaikutusta valmistumisaikoihin käsittelivät kysymykset valmistumisaikojen mahdollisesta lyhenemisestä sekä siihen vaikuttaneista syistä. Kysyttiin myös, onko jokin erityinen syy vaikuttanut opintojen viivästymiseen. Opiskelijoiden kotimaista liikkuvuutta kartoitettiin kysymyksillä opiskelijoiden siirtymisestä koulutusalalta toiselle oman korkeakoulun sisällä, opiskelijoiden siirtymisestä samalle alalle toiseen korkeakouluun ja opiskelijoiden siirtymistä toiselle korkeakoulusektorille. Vastaajilta pyydettiin myös näkemyksiä kotimaisen liikkuvuuden keskeisimmistä esteistä sekä niistä keinoista, joilla koulutusala pyrkii edistämään kotimaista liikkuvuutta. Kansainvälistä liikkuvuutta käsiteltiin kysymällä onko tutkinnonuudistus lisännyt ammattikorkeakoulututkintoa suorittavien opiskelijoiden lähtöä vaihto-opiskeluun ulkomaille, onko ylempää ammattikorkeakoulututkintoa suorittavien opiskelijoiden vaihto-opiskelu ulkomailla lisääntynyt ja onko tutkinnonuudistus lisännyt koulutusalalla opiskelevien lähtöä opiskelemaan ylempää tutkintoa ulkomaille. Tutkintojen suunnittelua, toteutusta, arviointia ja kehittämistä kartoitettiin kysymyksillä opetussuunnitelmien muutoksista tutkinnonuudistuksen yhteydessä sekä esitettiin opetussuunnitelmatyötä koskevia väittämiä. Vastaajille esitettiin väittämiä myös tutkintojen mitoituksesta ja opintojen kuormittavuudesta. Lisäksi väittämien avulla kartoitettiin tutkintojen suunnitteluun liittynyttä työelämäyhteistyötä ja tutkintojen työelämärelevanssia. Pyydettiin myös arviota tutkinnonuudistuksen vaikutuksista koulutuksen ja tutkintojen toteutukseen. Koulutuksen arviointia ja kehittämistä kuvaamaan pyydettiin tietoja koulutusalan käytänteistä, joilla koulutusala seuraa ja kehittää tutkintoja suhteessa työelämän tarpeisiin. Lisäksi vastaajia pyydettiin kuvaamaan keskeisimpiä työelämän ja osaamistarpeiden kehityssuunnitelmia, jotka vaikuttavat tulevaisuudessa koulutusalan tutkintorakenteen kehittämiseen."
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"en": "The data consist of two surveys aimed at young people not in employment, education or training (NEET). The surveys charted the young people's social participation, mental and physical well-being, and use of social and health services. Main themes in the surveys included living conditions, quality of life, social relationships, use of social and health services, lifestyle, and social media use. The baseline survey was conducted at the beginning of the research (questionnaire A, variables marked with a) and the second survey six months after the baseline survey (questionnaire B, variables marked with b). The respondents were randomly assigned into test and control groups based on the baseline survey. The test group participated in online group discussion that covered topics such as loneliness and hobbies. The group discussions were held on the heimo.co website and led by youth work professionals. The respondents in the control group were offered conventional targeted youth work services. All in all, four moderated discussion groups were organised for nine weeks in collaboration with the departments of youth services in three cities in Finland. The data were collected as part of the Inclusive Promotion of Health and Wellbeing (PROMEQ 2016-2019) research project, which studied population groups that need special support. The aim of the PROMEQ project was to develop and demonstrate novel models of promotion of health and wellbeing. Survey data from the other target groups of the project as well as combined data from all surveys are also available at FSD (FSD3433-FSD3436). The surveys included many scales and questions used in other studies. Questions were selected, for instance, from the Finnish Youth Surveys, as well as the Regional Health and Well-being Study (ATH) and Welfare and Services in Finland (HYPA) surveys conducted by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). Most questions included in the baseline survey were repeated in the follow-up survey. First, the surveys charted the respondents' living conditions, income, loans, and need for financial aid or food assistance. The respondents' health, well-being and quality of life were examined with questions on, for example, how satisfied the respondents were with their health, how much they had enjoyed life in the past two weeks, how safe and secure they felt in their everyday life, and whether they had enough energy and drive for their daily life. Satisfaction with different spheres of life was also surveyed with questions regarding, for example, quality of sleep, capacity to work, relationships, and support received from friends. Social relationships and trust were examined next. The respondents were asked whether they often felt lonely and whether they were often in contact with their friends, partner, or family. Questions also focused on the respondents' sociability and feelings of belonging (e.g. whether they felt they were a part of a friend group, had much in common with people around them, and could find company when they wanted to, or whether they felt left out and isolated). The respondents' participation in group activities and use of social media were charted. Questions on social media use included, for instance, how often the respondents read or commented on posts by other people and how often they posted on social media themselves. Trust in other people and various institutions, such as public health care, the judicial system, and municipal decision-making, was then examined. The respondents' opinions on their own opportunities in life were also surveyed (e.g. whether they thought they had good or bad opportunities to strive for happiness in life and to act according to their conscience). Next, the respondents' use of social and health services was surveyed. The respondents were asked whether they had visited a doctor or other health or social services professional or received services that promote employment in the past 12 months. Additionally, the respondents were asked whether they had bought medication, met with a youth employee, or been otherwise in contact with social and health care employees or youth employees in the past 12 months. Questions also focused on basic social assistance, the respondents' satisfaction with the availability of various social and public services (e.g. library, indoor exercise and youth services), and their participation in group activities promoting health and well-being (e.g. weight management groups, AA, NA). Finally, the respondents' lifestyle was examined with questions focusing on their exercise, eating, and drinking habits. Background variables included, among others, the respondent's gender, year of birth, marital status, household composition, housing tenure, highest level of education, economic activity and occupational status, and household income.",
"fi": "Aineisto koostuu kahdesta koulutuksen tai työelämän ulkopuolella oleville nuorille kohdennetusta kyselystä, joissa kartoitetaan nuorten osallisuutta, hyvinvointia ja palvelupolkuja. Teemoina ovat mm. elinolot, elämänlaatu, ihmissuhteet, sosiaali- ja terveyspalveluiden käyttö, elämätavat sekä sosiaalisen median käyttö. Ensimmäinen kysely on kerätty tutkimuksen alussa (kyselylomake A, muuttujissa tunnus a) ja toinen kysely kuuden kuukauden kuluttua alkukyselystä (kyselylomake B, muuttujan tunnus b). Osallistujat arvottiin baseline-kyselyn perusteella koe- ja kontrolliryhmiin. Koeryhmä osallistui eri aiheita, kuten yksinäisyyttä ja harrastuksia käsitteleviin verkkoryhmiin Heimo.co-verkkosivustolla, jota ohjasivat nuorisotyön ammattilaiset. Kontrolliryhmälle tarjottiin tavanomaista kohdennetun nuorisotyön palvelua. Kaikkiaan toteutettiin neljä 9 viikon pituista moderoitua verkkokeskusteluryhmää yhteistyössä kolmen kaupungin nuorisotoimen kanssa. Aineisto on kerätty osana laajempaa hanketta nimeltään Osallistava hyvinvointi ja terveyden edistäminen (PROMEQ 2016-2019), jossa tutkittiin erityistä tukea tarvitsevia ryhmiä. Tarkoituksena oli kehittää näyttöön perustuvia tapoja edistää terveyttä ja hyvinvointia. Hankkeen muiden kohderyhmien datat sekä yhdistetty data löytyvät myös Tietoarkistosta (FSD3433-FSD3436). Kyselyssä on laajasti muissa tutkimuksissa käytettyjä mittareita tai kysymyksiä. Kysymyksiä on poimittu mm. Nuorisobarometrista sekä Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitoksen toteuttamista Aikuisten terveys,- hyvinvointi- ja palvelu (ATH) - ja Suomalaisten hyvinvointi ja palvelut (HYPA) -tutkimuksista. Koska kyselyiden kysymykset toistuvat suunnilleen samoina, tässä esitellään alkukyselyn kysymysten aiheita. Kysely alkaa asumis- ja elinolojen sekä työtilanteen kartoittamisesta. Vastaajalta tiedustellaan asuinpaikan sijainnista, kotitaloudessa asuvien henkilöiden määrästä, tuloista ja lainoista. Lisäksi tiedustellaan, miten lainat rasittavat taloutta ja onko joutunut turvautumaan ruoka-apuun. Seuraavaksi tiedusteltiin vastaajan elämänlaatua, itsetuntoa ja osallisuutta. Kysymyksissä kartoitettiin esimerkiksi tyytyväisyyttä elämänlaatuun, terveyteen, terveyspalveluihin ja itseen sekä mahdollisuuksista toteuttaa eri asioita elämässä. Seuraavaksi kysyttiin sosiaalisista suhteista ja luottamuksesta. Vastaajilta kysyttiin ihmissuhteiden laadusta, läheisten ihmisten tapaamistiheyttä ja ryhmä- tai järjestötoimintaan osallistumisesta. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin, käyttääkö vastaaja sosiaalisen median palveluita kuten Facebookia tai Twitteriä sekä mitä toimintoja hän somessa tekee. Seuraavaksi vastaajalta kysyttiin mielipiteitä luottamukseen ja omiin mahdollisuuksiin elämässä liittyviä kysymyksiä. Seuraavaksi vastaajalta kysyttiin eri terveys- ja sosiaalipalveluiden kohdilla, onko hän käyttänyt palvelua viimeisen 12 kuukauden aikana (seurantakyselyssä 6 kuukautta). Lisäksi tiedustellaan käyntien määriä tai niihin kulutettua aikaa. Sosiaali- ja terveyspalveluista sekä yleisistä kuntapalveluista tiedustellaan vielä palvelujen saatavuudesta ja riittävyydestä. Lopussa vastaajalta kysytään terveyteen liittyviä tietoja, kuten urheilun määrää, ruokatottumuksia, alkoholinkäyttöä ja tupakointia. Taustamuuttujina aineistossa ovat mm. sukupuoli, syntymävuosi, tämänhetkinen tilanne, siviilisääty ja koulutus."
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"en": "The study on young people's civic competencies, participation and attitudes was conducted in Finnish schools in 2009 as part of a larger ICCS 2009 study. It investigated the civic skills and knowledge of young people, as well as their disposition to active citizenship. The study had three parts: one for students, teachers and schools each. This dataset contains the responses to the questionnaires for schools, which were sent to the head teachers of lower secondary schools and included questions about school environment, local community, teaching of civics, and school resources. The FSD participated in the funding of the study. First, the head teachers were asked how much decision-making power the school had in different issues relating to the school and how many teachers participated in school decision-making and development. One set of questions charted the 8th graders' possibilities to participate in different forms of civic engagement organised by the school and their participation in choosing a class representative and voting in the school board elections. Parent participation in school-related issues was investigated as well as the influence of different people in school decision-making (e.g. school board members, school staff other than teachers). The respondents were asked how well student opinions were taken into account in deciding about things such as study material, timetables and school rules, and how many of the students behaved well and abided by the school rules. The extent to which the respondents agreed with several statements describing the prevailing situation in the school was studied (e.g. \"teachers are proud of the school\", \"students feel part of the school community\"). Questions in the next section pertained to the local community. These explored whether there were different facilities (library, theatre, park etc.) in the school vicinity, whether different issues, such as immigration, unemployment and substance abuse caused social tensions in the area, and how often there were different problems (vandalism, racism, bullying, sexual harassment etc.) among students. Relating to the teaching of civics in the school, the respondents were asked how the teaching of civics was organised for eight-graders, which were the most important goals of civic education in the school and whether certain teachers had been given any special tasks concerning civic education. In the final section information about the school size in terms of the number of students and teachers was charted as well as whether the school was a public or private school and the size of the municipality in which the school was located. Background variables included the number of years the respondent had been working as a head teacher and the respondent's age group and gender.",
"fi": "Nuorten yhteiskunnallisen osaamisen, osallistumisen ja asenteiden tutkimus toteutettiin suomalaisissa kouluissa vuonna 2009 osana laajaa kansainvälistä ICCS 2009 -tutkimushanketta (International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2009). Tutkimuksessa perehdyttiin nuorten yhteiskunnallisiin tietoihin ja taitoihin, sekä siihen, kuinka he suhtautuvat aktiiviseen kansalaisuuteen ja kansalaistaitoihin. Kyselytutkimukseen kuului kolme eri osaa: oppilaille, opettajille sekä kouluille suunnattu osa. Kyseinen kouluille suunnattu osa toteutettiin esittämällä yläkoulun rehtoreille tai koulunjohtajille kysymyksiä kouluympäristöstä, paikallisesta yhteisöstä, yhteiskunnallisten sisältöjen opetuksesta sekä koulun resursseista. Yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto osallistui hankkeen rahoitukseen. Taustamuuttujien (kuten iän ja sukupuolen) kartoittamisen jälkeen rehtoreilta tiedusteltiin, paljonko koululla on päätäntävaltaa siihen liittyvissä asioissa, kuten opinto-ohjelman laatimisessa, opettajien palkkausasioissa, määrärahojen jakamisessa sekä koulun kerhotoiminnassa. Koulun opettajien osallistumista koskien puolestaan esitettiin väittämiä esimerkiksi siitä, kuinka monet opettajat ovat mukana päättämässä koulun asioita, ratkaisemassa ongelmia ja kehittämässä koulun toimintaa. Tämän jälkeen kysyttiin tutkimuksen kohderyhmänä olevien kahdeksasluokkalaisten mahdollisuuksista osallistua muun muassa ympäristötoimintaan, heikompiosaisten tukemiseen, monikulttuurisiin hankkeisiin ja kulttuuri- ja urheilutoimintaan lukuvuoden aikana. Edelleen tiedusteltiin kahdeksasluokkalaisten omasta sekä heidän vanhempiensa osallistumisesta koulun johtokunnan valintaan ja muuhun koulun toimintaan. Myös muiden tahojen, kuten opettajien, johtokunnan jäsenten ja paikallisyhteisön osallistumista koulun johtamiseen kysyttiin. Oppilaisiin liittyen kysyttiin myös, huomioidaanko heidän mielipiteitään koulun asioista, kuten oppimateriaaleista, lukujärjestyksestä ja koulun säännöistä päätettäessä sekä sitä, kuinka hyvin koulun oppilaat käyttäytyvät. Osion viimeisessä kohdassa kartoitettiin koulun nykytilannetta väittämin oppilaiden, opettajien ja muun kuin opetushenkilökunnan suhtautumisesta kouluun ja työntekoon sekä heidän asemastaan koulussa. Seuraavat kysymykset liittyivät paikallisyhteisöön. Aluksi kartoitettiin koulun lähiympäristön resursseja ja palveluita, kuten kirjastoja, teattereita, puistoalueita ja leikkikenttiä, uskonnollisia rakennuksia ja liikuntatiloja. Myös erilaisten yhteiskunnallisten ilmiöiden, kuten maahanmuuton, työttömyyden, etnisten konfliktien, köyhyyden, rikollisuuden, huumeiden sekä alkoholin mahdollisesti aiheuttamia sosiaalisia jännitteitä tiedusteltiin. Vastaajalta kysyttiin myös, kuinka paljon oppilaiden keskuudessa ilmenee tiettyjä ongelmia, kuten ilkivaltaa, rasismia, koulupinnausta, kiusaamista, seksuaalista häirintää tai alkoholin väärinkäyttöä. Kolmas kysymysosio käsitti koulujen yhteiskunnallisten sisältöjen opetukseen liittyvät kysymykset. Ensiksi kysyttiin, kuinka koulun kahdeksasluokkalaisten yhteiskunnallisten sisältöjen opetus järjestettiin, tai kuuluiko se ylipäänsä lainkaan opetussuunnitelmaan. Vastaajalta tiedusteltiin myös hänen näkemyksiään yhteiskunnallisen kasvatuksen tärkeimmistä tavoitteista sekä sitä, onko yhteiskunnallisen kasvatuksen erityistehtäviä annettu hoidettavaksi tietyille opettajille. Viimeisen osion kysymykset koskivat koulun kokoa, siis oppilas- ja opettajamääriä, sekä sitä, onko koulu yksityinen vai julkinen ja minkäkokoisella paikkakunnalla koulu sijaitsee. Taustamuuttujina aineistossa olivat muun muassa vastaajan ikä ja sukupuoli, aika jonka vastaaja oli rehtorina toiminut, sekä koulun sijaintikunnan paikkakuntatyyppi ja kunnan kieli. Kysymys- ja taustamuuttujien lisäksi aineisto sisältää kansainvälisen ICCS-hankkeen apu- ja painomuuttujia, joista osa on Suomenkin aineiston jatkokäytössä olennaisia. Painomuuttujien lisäksi aineistossa on kaksi jackknife-menetelmän käyttämiseen luotua muuttujaa, joiden käyttäminen korjaa kaksiportaisesta ositetusta otantamenetelmästä aiheutuvaa vääristymää muuttujien keskihajonnoissa. Menetelmän käyttäminen luotettavien tulosten saamiseksi keskihajontaa hyödyntävissä analyyseissä on olennaista, joskin vaatii menetelmän tuntemusta. Aineiston kansainväliset raportit (ks. julkaisut) sisältävät lisätietoa apumuuttujista ja niiden käytöstä."
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"en": "The survey focused on violence against children and adolescents in Finland, surveying different forms and manifestations of violence. The main themes in the survey were experiences of crime (such as robberies, thefts, threats, assaults and domestic violence), sibling and peer victimisation, sexual violence, harassment and threats via the internet and mobile phone (cyber-bullying). New themes in the 2013 survey included violence occurring during instructed activities and violence against family members witnessed in public. Many of the questions charting these experiences and incidents are based on the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ, Finkelhor et al.). More than 11,000 children across Finland participated in the survey. The 2013 survey was conducted in collaboration with the Finnish Youth Research Society. The respondents were asked to whom they were able to talk about their personal matters and with whom they spent their free time. Smoking, alcohol and drug use as well as alcohol use in the family were charted. One set of questions studied the respondents' health status, opinions on own appearance, and emotional and behavioural problems (with questions based on Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ, SDQ-Fin]). The respondents who participated in instructed activity (e.g. sports, music) in their leisure time were asked whether their instructor had threatened them or abused them verbally, physically or sexually. The respondents' experiences of violence and other illegal activities were studied; the questions presented examined whether they had been a victim of a crime (violent robbery, theft/robbery, assault, threat of assault), and relating to each crime, they were asked how many such incidents had occurred in the previous 12 months, whether the incident had happened before, how many perpetrators there had been, who had been the (main) perpetrator (including his/her sex, age, and ethnicity), where the incident had happened, and whether the respondent or the perpetrator had been under the influence of alcohol or drugs at the time. Relating to incidents involving violence, the respondents were asked what kind of violence they had experienced, what kind of injuries they had sustained, whether they had visited hospital or a doctor because of the injuries, and whether the perpetrators had made discriminatory remarks during the incident. Sibling and peer victimisation was examined by studying the respondents' experiences of assaults, physical bullying, and verbal abuse by siblings and peers. Questions were largely the same as the ones asked earlier when experiences of crime were being charted. Regarding witnessing violence against family members, the respondents were asked whether they had seen or heard their mother, father or sibling being verbally or physically abused (e.g. hit with a fist or an item, attacked with a knife) or threatened with violence at home, and who the perpetrator had been, how old the respondent had been when the (first) incident had occurred, and whether the victim had sustained visible injuries or injuries that required professional treatment. Another question investigated whether a family member had been verbally or physically abused, threatened with violence etc. in public. Parents' means of approaching a conflict situation with the respondent were charted (e.g. sulking, insulting, threatening with violence, spanking on the bottom, kicking). Relating to sexual activity with adults (or people at least five years older), the respondents were asked, among other things, whether they had experienced sexual advances from or been in sexual contact with adults, what had happened (e.g. sexual propositions, fondling, exposure of genitals), how old they had been, whether the respondent had known the adult, which of them had initiated the activity, whether coercion, violence, gifts or alcohol were involved, whether the respondent viewed the situation as sexual abuse, and whether the respondent had told anyone about the incident and if not, why. Cyberbullying and online harassment experienced by the respondents was investigated with questions charting whether they had experienced various forms of cyberbullying or harassment in the previous 12 months (e.g. bullying, threats or sexual harassment by mobile phone, cyber defamation, unauthorised use of photos or videos online, requests for sexual material or sexual propositions online). The respondents were asked whether they had told anyone about such incidents and what the person who had been told about them had done. Finally, the respondents were asked whether they had ever met an online acquaintance, whether any online acquaintance they had met had persuaded or forced them into sex, where on the Internet the respondents had met this person, how old the respondents had been when the incident had happened, and whether it had been photographed or recorded. Pupils on ninth grade were asked additional questions about dating and sexual experiences with their peers (e.g. first kiss, dating/relationship status, experiences of sexual interaction with and without physical touch, and sexual activity involving coitus). The questions were largely similar to the ones asked when sexual activity with adults was charted. Background variables included, among others, the respondent's gender, age, household composition, and country of birth as well as parents' ages, occupations, employment statuses, countries of birth, and educations. Language spoken at home and financial situation of the family were also inquired about.",
"fi": "Vuoden 2013 Lapsiuhritutkimuksessa selvitettiin peruskoulun kuudes- ja yhdeksäsluokkalaisten elämäntilannetta sekä väkivalta-, rikos- ja kiusaamiskokemuksia. Tarkasteltavina ovat muun muassa lapsiin kohdistuneet tai lähipiirissä tapahtuneet ryöstöt, varkaudet, uhkaukset, pahoinpitelyt, perheväkivalta, kuritusväkivalta, ikätovereiden keskinäinen väkivalta, seksuaalinen väkivalta sekä matkapuhelinten ja internetin välityksellä tapahtuva häirintä. Suhteessa aiempiin Lapsiuhritutkimuksiin, uutena teemana ovat ohjattujen harrastusten parissa tapahtuva väkivalta, perheenjäseniin julkisilla paikoilla kohdistuneen väkivallan näkeminen sekä väkivaltakokemuksista kertominen. Tutkimukseen osallistui yli 11 000 lasta ja nuorta ympäri Suomen. Vuoden 2013 tutkimus on toteutettu yhteistyössä Nuorisotutkimusseuran kanssa. Aluksi vastaajalta kysyttiin tietoja kodista, perherakenteesta, vapaa-ajan vietosta, perhe- ja ystäväsuhteista, terveydentilasta sekä mahdollisista päihteiden käyttöä koskevista kokemuksista. Vastaaja sai lisäksi kertoa harrastuksistaan. Seuraavaksi vastaajalta kysyttiin harrastustoiminnan ohjaajan tai valmentajan aloitteesta mahdollisesti tapahtuneista asiattomuuksista, kuten lyömisestä, uhkailemisesta, seksuaaliseen kanssakäymiseen rohkaisemisesta tai päihteiden tarjoamisesta. Lasten ja nuorten kokemaa rikoksen kohteeksi joutumista kartoitettiin kysymyksillä ryöstöistä, varkauksista, vahingonteoista, pahoinpitelyistä ja niiden yrityksistä sekä laittomista uhkauksista. Kokemuksia kartoitettiin kysymällä muun muassa kuinka monta kertaa vastaaja on joutunut edellä mainittujen tekojen uhriksi ja onko hän näiden tekojen seurauksena loukkaantunut. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin tapahtumapaikkaa sekä tekijän sukupuolta, ikää, kansallista alkuperää ja omaa sekä tekijän päihteiden käyttöä. Ikätovereiden ja sisarusten välisiä väkivaltakokemuksia tarkasteltiin kysymyksillä pahoinpitelyistä sekä henkisestä ja fyysisestä kiusaamisesta. Aiempien kysymysten mukaisesti vastaaja sai määritellä tarkemmin kuka tai ketkä olivat tekijöitä sekä missä teot tapahtuivat. Seuraavaksi kysyttiin kaikkiin viimeisten 12 kuukauden aikana tapahtuneisiin väkivallantekoihin liittyen, kenelle uhri on kertonut vakavimmasta tapahtumasta ja miten kerrottuun on reagoitu. Lisäksi kysyttiin syytä, miksi lapsi on mahdollisesti jättänyt kertomatta tapahtumasta. Seuraavaksi kysyttiin tilanteista, joissa lapsi on nähnyt jonkun toisen joutuvan väkivallan, kuten lyömisen, uhkailun tai hyökkäyksen, uhriksi. Tähän liittyen kysyttiin, onko vastaaja nähnyt 12 viime kuukauden aikana äitiin, isään tai sisarukseen kohdistuvaa väkivaltaa niin kotona kuin julkisella paikalla. Kokemuksista vanhempien ja lapsien välisiin erimielisyyksiin liittyen kysyttiin onko äiti tai isä muun muassa haukkunut, uhannut väkivallalla, tukistanut tai antanut selkäsaunan riitatilanteessa lapsen kanssa. Vastaajan kokemuksia sukupuolisesta lähentelystä tai kanssakäymisestä tapahtumahetkellä vähintään viisi vuotta itseä vanhempien ihmisten kanssa kartoitettiin useilla kysymyksillä. Tiedusteltiin, mitä tapahtui (ehdottelu, hyväily, sukupuolielinten näyttäminen tai niiden kosketteleminen, yhdynnän jäljittely, yhdyntä yms.), kenen kanssa (tuntematon, ystävä, serkku, setä, täti, isä, äiti, veli, sisko jne.), minkä ikäisenä ja kuinka monta kertaa. Vastaajalta kysyttiin myös kuka aloitti seksuaalisen toiminnan. Lisäksi selvitettiin pakottiko, lahjoiko tai käyttikö toinen väkivaltaa saadakseen vastaajan mukaan ja olivatko osapuolet alkoholin vaikutuksen alaisia. Sukupuolista lähentelyä kokeneiden tuntoja kartoitettiin tarkemmin tapauksen sattumishetkeen ja sen jälkeiseen aikaan liittyen. Vastaajalta kysyttiin myös kenelle, jos kenellekään, vastaaja on asiasta kertonut ja miten kerrottuun reagoitiin. Lisäksi yhdeksäsluokkalaisten vastaajien osalta kartoitettiin seksuaalisia kokemuksia, kuten ensisuudelmaa, seurustelusuhteita ja seksiä, ikätovereiden kanssa. Kyselyn loppupuolella kysyttiin internetin ja matkapuhelimen välityksellä tapahtuneesta uhkailusta, seksuaalisesta häirinnästä ja ehdottelusta sekä seksuaalisesta hyväksikäytöstä, joka on alkanut internetissä. Tähän liittyen kysyttiin esimerkiksi onko vastaajalle lähetetty uhkaus- tai häirintäviestejä ja onko vastaaja tavannut henkilöitä, joihin hän on tutustunut internetissä. Lopuksi vastaaja arvioi, miltä kysymyksiin tuntui vastata. Taustamuuttujina ovat muun muassa vastaajan luokka-aste, ikä, sukupuoli, syntymämaa, kotikieli sekä äidin ja isän ikäryhmä, syntymämaa, ammatti ja koulutus."
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