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"en": "This repository contains files of spatial environmental data layers which were used as predictors of nesting habitat suitability for six biodiversity indicator bird species in Finland: (i) three hawk species, the European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus), the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and the common buzzard (Buteo buteo), and (ii) three woodpecker species, the white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos), the lesser spotted woodpecker (Dryobates minor) and the Eurasian three-toed woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus). These six bird species have been shown to provide useful indicators of different conservation and biodiversity values of boreal forests, such as occurrences of red listed polypores, and indicative of forest characteristics related to old-growth forests such as representative occurrences of dead wood. The modelling spesifically targetted the nest sites of the bird species where the role of critical suitable environmental conditions is elevated. The data of nesting sites of the bird species are not open access data due to its sensitivity, but can be requested for research purposes by sending a query to the head of the Zoology unit at the Finnish Museum of Natural History. However, the Maxent results of the nesting habitat suitability for bird species across the whole of Finland are available in Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4779108).\n\nPlease also note that the environmental data is split - due to its large size - into two repository locations, this one containing the local site variables and 500 m buffer variables, and the other containing the 1 km buffer variables and the two climate variables.\n\nTaken together, 40 different environmental data layers were developed and their information sampled for a 96 x 96 m resolution lattice system covering the whole Finland. These 40 data layers were organised for the modeling into the following groups of predictor variables: (1) Data on forest structure and other forest stand characteristics (96 x 96 m cell) (8 variables), (2) Data on land cover at the forest stand (96 x 96 m cell) (8 variables), (3) Data on forest characteristics in the 500 m landscape buffer area (3 variables), (4) Data on forest characteristics in the 1 km landscape buffer area (3 variables), (5) Data on land cover in the 500 m landscape buffer area, (6) Data on land cover in the 500 m landscape buffer area, and (7) Climate data (2 variables).\n\nThese data were used to examine what are the key determinants of the nesting site suitability of the six indicator bird species and to developed predictive maps across the whole Finland for the locations of most optimal nesting forest areas. The nesting habitat suitability modelling was done using the MaxEnt model. The forest structure and habitat quality predictor variables were developed based on national forest data gathered from three sources: (i) Finnish Forest Center (FFC), (ii) Metsähallitus Parks & Wildlife (MPW), and (iii) the multi-source national forest inventory carried out by the Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE). The land cover variables were measured using the CORINE Land Cover 2018 system, from the database produced, maintained and distributed by Syke. The two climate variables were initially for the SUMI project by the Finnish Meteorological Institute and further applied in this modelling study.\n\nThe environmental variables, the six indicator bird species and the processses, steps and choices included in the MaxEnt modelling are described in full detail in the following publication: Virkkala, Raimo, Leikola, Niko, Kujala, Heini, Kivinen, Sonja, Hurskainen, Pekka, Kuusela, Saija, Valkama, Jari and Heikkinen, Risto K.: Developing fine-grained nationwide predictions of valuable forests using biodiversity indicator bird species, Ecological Applications, in press. The details of the environmental data are also described in the read_me.doc file uploaded into this repository.\n\nData processing\n\nThe three forest data sources were used in a hierarchical order, i.e., for each 16-m grid cell the data considered qualitatively the most accurate or having the best spatial coverage were used. Where this was not possible, the next most accurate data were used. The priority order of the forest data sources was as follows: 1) Data on forests collected by FFC; 2) Data on state-owned and private protected areas collected by MPW; 3) MSNF data developed by LUKE for the whole of Finland based on field survey site data and satellite images. Using the compiled forest data, eight forest variables were aggregated from the 16-m resolution data to a coarser 96 x 96 m lattice system. For each 96-m grid cell, the following variables describing forest stands structure and quality features were calculated as the mean or median of the corresponding values in the 16-m pixels: 1) forest stand volume (m3/ha); 2) mean trunk diameter at breast height (DBH, cm); 3) mean basal area (m2/ha); 4) tree height (m); 5) dominant tree age (years); and 6) volume of deciduous trees (m3/ha); 7) dominant tree species; 8) site type class (for more details see read_me.doc file).\n\nThe values of CORINE land cover variables were converted from the original 20-m resolution grid data to the 16-m lattice system using nearest neighbor resampling. Then, for each 96-m grid cell a percentage cover (0 – 100%) value was recorded based on the 16-m cell CORINE data. The CORINE data based variables were used as the local scale land cover/land use data measured for the 96-m grid cells, and also as the landscape-scale CORINE land cover variables, i.e. the cover of the eight variables measured for the 500 m buffer around the focal 96-m cell for the three woodpecker species and the 1 km buffer for the three hawk species.\n\nIn developing the two climate variables, monthly average air temperature data for 1981–2010 were produced at Finnish Meteorological Institute for a 50 x 50 m lattice system using generalized additive modelling (GAM), variables indicating the geographical location of a site, topographical characteristics and water cover, and weather data sourced from 313 meteorological stations situated in Finland and northern Sweden and Norway. Monthly precipitation data were developed for the same grid using global kriging interpolation based on data from 343 rain gauges obtained from the ECA&D dataset, geographical location, topography and proximity to the sea (for more details see read_me.doc file and Heikkinen et al. 2020, Scientific Reports 10:1678)."
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"en": "This repository contains files of spatial environmental data layers which were used as predictors of nesting habitat suitability for six biodiversity indicator bird species in Finland: (i) three hawk species, the European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus), the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and the common buzzard (Buteo buteo), and (ii) three woodpecker species, the white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos), the lesser spotted woodpecker (Dryobates minor) and the Eurasian three-toed woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus). These six bird species have been shown to provide useful indicators of different conservation and biodiversity values of boreal forests, such as occurrences of red listed polypores, and indicative of forest characteristics related to old-growth forests such as representative occurrences of dead wood. The modelling spesifically targetted the nest sites of the bird species where the role of critical suitable environmental conditions is elevated. The data of nesting sites of the bird species are not open access data due to its sensitivity, but can be requested for research purposes by sending a query to the head of the Zoology unit at the Finnish Museum of Natural History. However, the Maxent results of the nesting habitat suitability for bird species across the whole of Finland are available in Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4779108).\n\nPlease also note that the environmental data is split - due to its large size - into two repository locations, this one containing the local site variables and 500 m buffer variables, and the other containing the 1 km buffer variables and the two climate variables.\n\nTaken together, 40 different environmental data layers were developed and their information sampled for a 96 x 96 m resolution lattice system covering the whole Finland. These 40 data layers were organised for the modeling into the following groups of predictor variables: (1) Data on forest structure and other forest stand characteristics (96 x 96 m cell) (8 variables), (2) Data on land cover at the forest stand (96 x 96 m cell) (8 variables), (3) Data on forest characteristics in the 500 m landscape buffer area (3 variables), (4) Data on forest characteristics in the 1 km landscape buffer area (3 variables), (5) Data on land cover in the 500 m landscape buffer area, (6) Data on land cover in the 500 m landscape buffer area, and (7) Climate data (2 variables).\n\nThese data were used to examine what are the key determinants of the nesting site suitability of the six indicator bird species and to developed predictive maps across the whole Finland for the locations of most optimal nesting forest areas. The nesting habitat suitability modelling was done using the MaxEnt model. The forest structure and habitat quality predictor variables were developed based on national forest data gathered from three sources: (i) Finnish Forest Center (FFC), (ii) Metsähallitus Parks & Wildlife (MPW), and (iii) the multi-source national forest inventory carried out by the Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE). The land cover variables were measured using the CORINE Land Cover 2018 system, from the database produced, maintained and distributed by Syke. The two climate variables were initially for the SUMI project by the Finnish Meteorological Institute and further applied in this modelling study.\n\nThe environmental variables, the six indicator bird species and the processses, steps and choices included in the MaxEnt modelling are described in full detail in the following publication: Virkkala, Raimo, Leikola, Niko, Kujala, Heini, Kivinen, Sonja, Hurskainen, Pekka, Kuusela, Saija, Valkama, Jari and Heikkinen, Risto K.: Developing fine-grained nationwide predictions of valuable forests using biodiversity indicator bird species, Ecological Applications, in press. The details of the environmental data are also described in the read_me.doc file uploaded into this repository.\n\nData processing\n\nData for forest stand characteristics were compiled from three national sources: (i) Finnish Forest Center (FFC), (ii) Metsähallitus Parks & Wildlife (MPW), and (iii) the multi-source national forest inventory (MSNF) carried out by the Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE). These data have beed recorded using the same 16 x 16 m lattice system covering the whole Finland but they have a different geographic coverage ranging from the most spatially limited data produced by Metsähallitus Parks & Wildlife (MPW) to the MSSF data covering the whole country.\n\nThe land cover predictor variables were extracted from the CORINE Land Cover 2018 database from Syke's open data resources (https://www.avoindata.fi/data/en_GB/dataset/corine-maanpeite-2018) The focal CORINE land cover/land use types dissected from the CORINE database and used in the modelling were the following: 1) Shoreline forests (forest pixels along the shoreline with crown cover >30%; CORINE CLS 2018 class 31 adjacent to water bodies, class 51); 2) Open, treeless mires (CLS 2018 class 4121); 3) Transitional woodland/shrub on peatland, crown cover 10–30% (i.e., sparsely wooded pine mire; CLS 2018 class 3243); 4) Forest on peatland, crown cover >30% (i.e., wooded pine mire or spruce mire; CLS 2018 class 3122); 5) Marshlands (CLS 2018 class 411); 6) Agricultural areas (CLS 2018 class 2); 7) Urban areas (CLS 2018 classes 11 and 12) ; and 8) Water areas (CLS 2018 class 51).\n\nThe two climatic variables used as predictor variables were the mean temperature of January (TJan, °C) and growing degree-days (GDD5, °C), which yields the annual temperature sum of days with mean temperature above 5 °C. These data were originally developed at the Finnish Meteorological Institute for SUMI project and for the study by Heikkinen et al. (2020, Scientific Reports 10:1678). For this study, a part of the larger climate data set (i.e. mean values of TJan and GDD5 averaged over 1981-2010) were sampled and reused in the Maxent models for the six bird species.\n\nThe three forest data sources were used in a hierarchical order, i.e., for each 16-m grid cell the data considered qualitatively the most accurate or having the best spatial coverage were used. Where this was not possible, the next most accurate data were used. The priority order of the forest data sources was as follows: 1) Data on forests collected by FFC; 2) Data on state-owned and private protected areas collected by MPW; 3) MSNF data developed by LUKE for the whole of Finland based on field survey site data and satellite images. Using the compiled forest data, eight forest variables were aggregated from the 16-m resolution data to a coarser 96 x 96 m lattice system. For each 96-m grid cell, the following variables describing forest stands structure and quality features were calculated as the mean or median of the corresponding values in the 16-m pixels: 1) forest stand volume (m3/ha); 2) mean trunk diameter at breast height (DBH, cm); 3) mean basal area (m2/ha); 4) tree height (m); 5) dominant tree age (years); and 6) volume of deciduous trees (m3/ha); 7) dominant tree species; 8) site type class (for more details see read_me.doc file).\n\nThe values of CORINE land cover variables were converted from the original 20-m resolution grid data to the 16-m lattice system using nearest neighbor resampling. Then, for each 96-m grid cell a percentage cover (0 – 100%) value was recorded based on the 16-m cell CORINE data. The CORINE data based variables were used as the local scale land cover/land use data measured for the 96-m grid cells, and also as the landscape-scale CORINE land cover variables, i.e. the cover of the eight variables measured for the 500 m buffer around the focal 96-m cell for the three woodpecker species and the 1 km buffer for the three hawk species.\n\nIn developing the two climate variables, monthly average air temperature data for 1981–2010 were produced at Finnish Meteorological Institute for a 50 x 50 m lattice system using generalized additive modelling (GAM), variables indicating the geographical location of a site, topographical characteristics and water cover, and weather data sourced from 313 meteorological stations situated in Finland and northern Sweden and Norway. Monthly precipitation data were developed for the same grid using global kriging interpolation based on data from 343 rain gauges obtained from the ECA&D dataset, geographical location, topography and proximity to the sea (for more details see read_me.doc file and Heikkinen et al. 2020, Scientific Reports 10:1678)."
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"fi": "Tutkimuksessa kartoitettiin suomalaisten arvoja ja asenteita. Tällä kertaa teemoina ovat Euroopan unionin talous ja laajentuminen, europarlamenttivaalit 2024, perhe ja lapset, verotus, yritysten investoinnit sekä poliittiset lakot. Aluksi vastaajille esitettiin väittämiä yhteiskunnan eri osa-alueilta. Ne käsittelivät muiden muassa EU:ta ja sen toimielimiä, työmarkkinauudistuksia sekä ammattiyhdistysliikettä. Seuraavaksi kartoitettiin vastaajien ajatuksia perheestä, puolisosta, lapsista ja lasten hankinnasta. Verotus-aihetta kartoitettiin useilla kysymyksillä. Kysyttiin, korottaisiko tai alentaisiko vastaaja Suomen verojärjestelmän eri veromuotoja. Tiedusteltiin myös, miten ansiotulojen verotuksen alentaminen vaikuttaisi vastaajan elämään, esimerkiksi tekisikö hän enemmän tai vähemmän töitä. Edelleen kartoitettiin, miten vastaaja suhtautuisi erilaisiin toimenpiteisiin houkutella investointeja Suomeen. Näkemyksiä viimeaikaisista poliittisista lakoista selvitettiin. Pyydettiin esimerkiksi arviota, millaista haittaa lakot aiheuttivat arkielämään sekä taloudelle ja toimeentulolle. Kysyttiin myös yksittäisen poliittisen lakon sopivaa enimmäiskestoa. Euroopan unioniin ja sen toimielimiin liittyen kysyttiin, aikooko vastaaja äänestää kesäkuun europarlamenttivaaleissa ja miten eri asioiden tulisi painottua EU:n komission ohjelmassa ja EU:n toiminnassa jatkossa. Kysyttiin myös mielipidettä EU:n rahoituksen lisäämisestä, EU:n mahdollisesta laajentumisesta Ukrainaan sekä kartoitettiin, miten vastaajat suhtautuisivat siihen, että esimerkiksi Albaniasta, Islannista, Isosta-Britanniasta, Israelista tai Venäjästä tulisi Euroopan unionin jäsen. Lisäksi kysyttiin, miten vastaajat suhtautuvat Nato-jäsenyyteen, EU-jäsenyyteen ja euroon. Lopuksi tiedusteltiin vastaajien tyytyväisyydestä omaan elämäänsä tällä hetkellä, mielialasta, suhtautumisesta tulevaisuuteen, ihmisiin luottamisesta sekä elämänhallinnasta. Taustamuuttujia olivat sukupuoli, ikäryhmä, elämänvaihe, asuinkunnan koko, asuinkunta, asuinmaakunta, perus- ja ammatillinen koulutus, ammattiryhmä, työnantajatyyppi, työsuhde, toimiala, puoluekanta (mitä puoluetta äänestäisi, jos eduskuntavaalit pidettäisiin nyt), ammatillinen keskusjärjestö, yhteiskuntaluokka, äidinkieli ja talouden bruttotulot."
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"fi": "Liikuntatutkimuksen tarkoituksena on ollut selvittää, missä määrin Suomen 19 - 65-vuotiaat aikuiset harrastavat liikuntaa tai urheilua, mitä lajeja he harrastavat ja mitä palveluja käyttävät harrastuksissaan. Tutkimuksessa on selvitetty myös halukkuutta alkaa harrastaa eri urheilulajeja sekä kiinnostusta urheiluseuroja kohtaan. Ensin vastaajia pyydettiin kertomaan, mitä kaikkia kuntoilu-, liikunta- tai urheilumuotoja he harrastavat. Voimistelua harrastaville esitettiin tarkentava kysymys voimistelun lajista. Vastaajilta kysyttiin myös, kuinka usein he liikkuvat vähintään puoli tuntia päivässä ja kuinka fyysisesti rasittavaa heidän harrastamansa liikunta on. Lisäksi vastaajat määrittelivät suhdettaan liikuntaan akselilla kilpaurheilija - liikunnallisesti passiivinen. Liikuntaa harrastavilta kysyttiin vielä, mikä on heidän eniten käyttämänsä liikuntapaikka. Yleisten liikuntaa koskevien kysymysten jälkeen siirryttiin kartoittamaan yksittäisten lajien harrastamiseen liittyviä asioita. Kysymykset esitettiin vastaajille koskien niitä lajeja, joita he olivat kertoneet harrastavansa. Ensin kysyttiin, kuinka usein ja kuinka pitkään kerrallaan vastaaja harrastaa kyseistä lajia. Seuraavaksi kartoitettiin tahoja, joiden kanssa lajia tulee harrastettua. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin, onko vastaaja osallistunut viimeisen 12 kuukauden aikana osanottajana esimerkiksi harrastamansa lajin kilpailuihin, kampanjoihin tai muihin joukkotapahtumiin. Lopuksi vastaajia pyydettiin kertomaan, missä liikunta- tai urheiluseurassa he mahdollisesti harrastavat kyseistä lajia. Yksittäisiä lajeja koskevien kysymysten jälkeen vastaajilta kysyttiin, mitä sellaista liikuntaa, urheilua, kuntoilua, jotain ulkoilumuotoa tai arkiliikuntaa he haluaisivat harrastaa, jota nyt eivät harrasta. Tämän jälkeen tiedusteltiin tärkeintä syytä siihen, että ei käytännössä harrasta haluamaansa lajia tai kuntoilumuotoa. Aktiivisuutta liikunnan vapaaehtois- ja kansalaistoiminnassa kartoitettiin sekä pyydettiin mainitsemaan, missä lajeissa kyseisissä toiminnoissa on mukana. Vapaaehtoistoiminnan luonne pyydettiin määrittelemään tarkemmin ja kertomaan, missä tehtävissä tai roolissa vastaajat itse ovat olleet. Lisäksi kysyttiin, kuinka monta tuntia vastaajat keskimäärin käyttävät kuukaudessa liikunnan tai urheilun vapaaehtoistyöhön. Yleisesti urheiluun liittyen kartoitettiin, minkä kaikkien lajien kilpailuja vastaajat ovat käyneet katsomassa paikan päällä viimeksi kuluneen vuoden aikana. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin mielipidettä siitä, kuinka tärkeää on suomalaisten huippu-urheilijoiden kansainvälinen menestyminen ja missä lajeissa erityisesti menestyminen on tärkeää. Liikuntaa harrastavilta vastaajilta kysyttiin lopuksi, paljonko he arviolta henkilökohtaisesti käyttävät rahaa vuodessa omaan liikunnan harrastamiseen. Taustamuuttujina tutkimuksessa olivat vastaajan sukupuoli, ikä, asuinkunta ja -lääni, koulutus, ammattiryhmä, työtilanne ja perheen bruttotulot yhteensä vuodessa. Lisäksi kysyttiin, mitä puoluetta vastaaja äänestäisi, jos eduskuntavaalit olisivat nyt, onko vastaajan taloudessa 12 - 18-vuotiaita lapsia tai varhaisnuoria ja kuinka monen urheilu- tai liikuntaseuran jäsen vastaaja on."
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"en": "The Aalto University Student Union Member Survey examined the student union members' experiences and opinions regarding the usefulness and quality of the services provided by Aalto University Student Union (AYY) and AYY's communication channels. Main themes of the survey included housing, AAY's communication channels and services, and participation in student affairs and activities. The research was carried out by the Research Foundation for Studies and Education (Otus) and funded by AAY. First, the respondents were asked to provide information about their studies at Aalto University and their current housing situation, and to evaluate their satisfaction with the quality of their current housing. They were also asked about the length of their commute and how burdensome they found it. Views on shared housing were examined with questions on whether the respondents had ever lived in a shared student apartment or shared housing, which factors had influenced their decision to live or to not live in shared housing, and what their attitudes towards shared housing were. The importance of facilities (e.g. club rooms, sports facilities), residential activities, events and common spaces in the vicinity of the respondents' home and in their residential area were investigated. Views on how location contributed to the quality of housing and the factors based on which the respondents made study-related housing choices were also charted. Next topic was the use of AAY's communication channels. The respondents were asked about the frequency with which they used AAY's communication channels (e.g. AAY's website, mailing lists, weekly newsletters, Facebook, Instagram), which channels they primarily used to look for information about student union activities, and through which channels they would like to receive information on student union services. Further questions focused on general use of social media channels, which of these channels they would like to use to keep in touch with AAY, and the kind of information and content they would be interested in receiving from the student union. Experiences and opinions regarding services provided AAY were also examined. The respondents were asked which services provided (e.g. rental housing, legal protection counselling, rental recreational facilities, events) they had used in the past six months and how useful they found the student union services. Opinions on the usefulness of several potential services, the opening hours of the Otaniemi Services Office, and the respondents' satisfaction with their latest service point visit were investigated. Additionally, the respondents were asked about their membership and participation in associations within the student union, what kind of student events they attended or would like to attend, their participation in events organised by AAY, and their opinions on AAY's or the Aalto community's student events. The next set of questions focused on the problems the respondents had faced in their daily life as students, for instance, in matters related to their finances, housing, teaching or facilities at the university. Finally, the respondents were asked to identify the ways in which they thought they could influence student affairs and activities, whether they were interested in acting as student representatives in university administration, and whether they had voted in Representative Council elections. Background variables included variables related to the respondent's housing situation, student status, educational progression, mother tongue, gender, age group, and identification with a minority group.",
"fi": "Aalto-yliopiston ylioppilaskunnan jäsenille tehdyssä kyselyssä selvitettiin jäsenten kokemuksia ja mielipiteitä ylioppilaskunnan tuottamien palveluiden tarpeellisuudesta, laadusta ja niihin liittyvästä viestinnästä. Tutkimuksen on toteuttanut Opiskelun ja koulutuksen tutkimussäätiö Otus ja rahoittanut Aalto-yliopiston ylioppilaskunta (AYY). Aluksi vastaajilta kysyttiin taustatietoja muun muassa heidän opiskelutilanteestaan ja asumisestaan. Seuraavaksi kartoitettiin vastaajien tyytyväisyyttä heidän nykyiseen asuntoonsa sekä välimatkaan asunnon ja pääasiallisen opiskelupaikan välillä. Lisäksi vastaajilta tiedusteltiin näkemyksiä soluasumisesta ja kimppakämpässä asumisesta, asumisen yhteisöllisyyteen liittyvien asioiden tärkeydestä sekä yhdessä asumiseen liittyvistä käytännöistä esimerkiksi tavaroiden ja tilojen jakamisen suhteen. Asumiseen liittyen vastaajilta kysyttiin myös opiskeluajan asumiseen liittyvien valintojen perusteista. Ylioppilaskunnan viestintään liittyen kysyttiin, mitä viestintäkanavia vastaaja seuraa ja kuinka usein. Lisäksi kysyttiin ensisijaisista tiedonlähteistä sekä mieluisimmista kanavista saada palvelua ja olla yhteydessä ylioppilaskuntaan. Seuraavaksi vastaajilta tiedusteltiin ylioppilaskunnan tuottamien palveluiden tarpeellisuudesta ja käytöstä sekä Otaniemen palvelutoimiston aukioloajoista ja viimeisimmästä palvelupistekokemuksesta. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin ylioppilaskunnan piirissä tapahtuvasta (yhdistys)toiminnasta, tapahtumiin osallistumisesta ja mielipiteistä opiskelijatapahtumiin liittyen. Lopuksi kysyttiin vielä opiskelijan arjen ongelmista ja mahdollisuudesta vaikuttaa niihin sekä edustajistovaaleihin osallistumisesta ja niissä äänestämisestä. Taustamuuttujina kyselyssä ovat asumis- ja opiskelutilanteeseen liittyvien muuttujien lisäksi muun muassa äidinkieli, sukupuoli, ikäluokka ja kokemus vähemmistöön kuulumisesta."
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"en": "The data consist of the Finnish contribution to the international ISSP survey in 2000. The survey studies Finnish environmental attitudes and views on various environmental issues. There are also a few questions that were asked only in Finland and are not included in the international comparison material (questions 5, 6, 29, 38 and 52). The respondents were asked to what extent they agreed with a number of statements about environmental protection, economic growth, laboratory tests on animals, sanctity of nature, our present way of life, the greenhouse effect, medicine, the current state of the world and distribution of income. In addition, the respondents were asked to estimate how willing they themselves would be to make sacrifices for the sake of the environment, and how dangerous they regarded pollution of air caused by industry, toxic substances used in agriculture, the greenhouse effect, genetic manipulation, nuclear power plants, and the pollution of Finnish lakes and rivers. The respondents were also asked whether the government should force people to protect the environment, whether Finland was acting to promote global protection of the environment, whether there should exist international treaties to deal with environmental problems and whether the economic growth in Finland would slow down if we would not look better after our own environment. Respondent trust in information on the causes of pollution provided by various bodies like the business community, environmental organisations, ministries, the European Union, research organisations and various media. With the respondents' own behaviour in mind, some questions asked how often they limited their use of their own car because of environmental reasons, how often they sorted garbage, and whether they were members in some nature protection or environmental movement, and whether they had during the past five years participated in a demonstration for some environmental issue, or donated money to some environmental organisation. Respondent's views on God and opinion on their own standard of living were charted. The survey also contained a few questions focusing on the society in general. The respondents were asked whether whether the government should reduce income disparity, what are the most important functions of the state, and whether science is the source of good or evil. Background variables included the respondents' basic education, economic activity, weekly working hours, occupation, industry of employment, marital status, membership in trade unions, religiosity, education, age, gender, party affiliation, voting pattern in the previous elections, size of work place, form of dwelling, area of residence, social class, household income, household size and composition, and the education, economic activity, industry of employment, and occupation of the spouse.",
"fi": "Aineisto on vuoden 2000 kansainvälisen ISSP-tutkimuksen Suomen osuus. Tässä aineistossa on lisäksi mukana muutama kansallinen kysymys (kysymykset 5, 6, 29, 48 ja 52), joita ei ole kansainvälisessä vertailuaineistossa. Tutkimuksessa kartoitetaan laajasti ihmisten ympäristöasenteita ja mielipiteitä ympäristönsuojelusta. Vastaajaa pyydettiin arvioimaan useita väittämiä, jotka koskivat ympäristönsuojelua, talouskasvua, eläinkokeita, luonnon pyhyyttä, nykyistä elämäntapaamme, kasvihuoneilmiötä, lääketiedettä, maailman nykytilaa ja tulonjakoa. Lisäksi vastaajaa pyydettiin arvioimaan, kuinka halukas hän itse olisi erilaisiin uhrauksiin ympäristön puolesta ja kuinka vaarallisia hänen mielestään ympäristölle ovat teollisuuden aiheuttama ilmansaastuminen, maanviljelyksessä käytettävät myrkyt, kasvihuoneilmiö, geneettinen muuntelu, ydinvoimalat ja Suomen järvien ja jokien saastuminen. Vastaajalta kysyttiin myös, pitäisikö hallituksen pakottaa ihmiset suojelemaan ympäristöä, toimiiko Suomi maailmanlaajuisen ympäristönsuojelun hyväksi, pitäisikö ympäristöongelmia varten olla kansainvälisiä sopimuksia ja hidastuuko Suomen talouskasvu ellemme huolehdi ympäristöstämme paremmin. Lisäksi kysyttiin, miten paljon vastaaja luottaa eri tahojen, kuten elinkeinoelämän, ympäristöjärjestöjen, ministeriöiden, Euroopan unionin, tutkimusorganisaatioiden ja eri tiedotusvälineiden antamaan tietoon saasteiden aiheuttajista. Vastaajaan omaan käyttäytymiseen liittyen kysyttiin, miten usein hän rajoittaa oman auton käyttöä ympäristösyistä, kuinka usein hän lajittelee jätteitä, onko hän jäsenenä jossain luonnon- tai ympäristönsuojeluryhmässä ja onko hän viimeksi kuluneen viiden vuoden aikana ottanut osaa mielenosoitukseen ympäristöasian hyväksi tai lahjoittanut rahaa jollekin ympäristönsuojelujärjestölle. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin vastaajan näkemystä Jumalasta. Mukana on myös muutamia yhteiskuntaa yleisesti koskevia kysymyksiä. Vastaajilta kysyttiin, mikä on valtiovallan vastuu tuloerojen pienentämisessä ja mitkä ovat valtion tärkeimmät tehtävät, ja onko tieteestä enemmän haittaa kuin hyötyä. Taustatietoina kerättiin tietoja vastaajan työssäkäynnistä, viikottaisesta työajasta, ammatista, siviilisäädystä, ammattiyhdistysjäsenyydestä, uskonnollisuudesta, koulutuksesta, iästä, sukupuolesta, puoluepoliittisesta suuntautuneisuudesta, äänestyskäyttäytymistä edellisissä vaaleissa, työpaikan koosta, asumismuodosta, asuinalueesta ja kotitalouden koosta sekä puolison koulutuksesta, työssäkäynnistä ja ammatista."
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"fi": "Tutkimus käsitteli suomalaisten arvoja, moraalikäsityksiä ja uskonnollisuutta. Vastaajilta kysyttiin kuinka oikeana tai vääränä he pitävät naisen ja miehen sukupuolisuhdetta ennen avioliittoa, naimisissa olevan henkilön avioliiton ulkopuolista sukupuolisuhdetta ja kahden samaa sukupuolta olevan aikuisen henkilön sukupuolisuhdetta. Lisäksi tiedusteltiin mielipidettä abortin oikeutuksesta silloin, jos on suuri todennäköisyys, että lapsella on vakava vamma tai silloin, jos perhe on erittäin pienituloinen, eikä sillä ole varaa enää useampiin lapsiin. Kartoitettiin myös vastaajien kokemaa luottamusta eduskuntaan, elinkeinoelämään ja teollisuuteen, kirkkoon ja uskonnollisiin organisaatioihin, tuomioistuimiin ja oikeusjärjestelmään sekä kouluihin ja koulutusjärjestelmään. Vastaajille esitetyt väittämät käsittelivät mm. uskonnollisia johtajia, tieteestä saatavaa hyötyä, uskontojen aiheuttamia konflikteja sekä sitä, ovatko voimakkaita uskonnollisia käsityksiä omaavat ihmiset suvaitsemattomia muita kohtaan. Lisäksi kysyttiin onko kirkolla ja uskonnollisilla organisaatioilla liikaa valtaa Suomessa. Vastaajilta tiedusteltiin miten he suhtautuisivat jos toista uskontokuntaa tai toisenlaisia uskonnollisia näkemyksiä edustava henkilö kuin vastaaja itse avioituisi vastaajan sukulaisen kanssa tai olisi vastaajan kannattaman puolueen ehdokkaana vaaleissa. Väittämillä kartoitettiin myös vastaajien käsityksiä elämän tarkoituksesta ja merkityksestä. Uskoa ja uskontoa käsittelevissä kysymyksissä tiedusteltiin vastaajan ajatuksia Jumalasta ja Jumalan olemassaolosta. Vastaajilta kysyttiin uskovatko he kuoleman jälkeiseen elämään, taivaaseen, helvettiin, uskonnollisiin ihmeisiin, jälleensyntymiseen, nirvanaan tai esi-isien yliluonnollisiin voimiin. Kysyttiin myös mihin uskontoon vastaaja kasvatettiin, mikä on äidin, isän ja puolison uskonnollinen vakaumus. Kysyttiin kuinka usein äiti, isä tai vastaaja itse osallistuivat jumalanpalveluksiin tai muihin kirkollisiin toimituksiin vastaajan ollessa lapsi. Tiedusteltiin kuinka usein vastaaja rukoilee, onko hänellä kotona uskonnollisista syistä esillä pyhäkkö, alttari tai muita uskonnollisia esineitä ja kuinka usein vastaajalla on tapana käydä uskonnollisista syistä uskonnollisissa paikoissa. Haluttiin tietää kuinka uskonnollisena vastaaja itseään pitää sekä onko hän hengellinen ihminen, joka noudattaa uskontoaan. Vastaajan käsityksiä Raamatusta kartoitettin esittämällä Raamattua koskevia väittämiä. Tiedusteltiin myös vastaajien käsityksiä onnenamuleteista, ennustajista, henkiparantajista ja tähti- tai horoskooppimerkkeistä. Kartoitettiin myös vastaajien suhtautumista eri uskontoihin ja uskonnollisiin ryhmiin. Taustatietoina kysyttiin mm. sukupuoli, syntymävuosi, kotitalouden koko, koulutus, työelämään osallistuminen, ammatti, elinkeino tai toimiala, säännöllinen viikoittainen työaika, ammattiasema, esimiesasema, työnantaja (yksityinen/julkinen sektori), ammattiliiton jäsenyys, äänestyskäyttäytyminen, uskonnollisuus, tulot, maakunta sekä vastaajan asuinaluetta kuvaavia tietoja."
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"created": "2018-06-19T12:18:40Z",
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}
